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<title>THE TWO UNIVERSAL COVENANTS</title>
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There are two universal covenants spanning across the generations till now. God called Abraham out of Ur to the promised land. While in Canaan God gave Abraham the following two promises:
1) That Abraham and his descendants will inherit the land of Canaan.
2) That Abraham and his SEED (Jesus Christ - Galatians 3:16-17) will be the Father of all nations by faith. These two promises matured at Sinai after Israel had dwelt in Sinai for 430 years and at the cross when Jesus was crucified.
This first covenant is also known as Sinai/Mosaic Covenant. After exactly 430 years Israel was carried by the hand of God from Egypt to Mount Sinai. God issued his covenant commandments i,e a) the Ten Commandments inscribed on two tablet of stones b) God dictated to Moses who wrote 603 commands of God on scroll and with ink. the two sets of laws both formed the covenant (agreement) issued by God to Israel (Exodus Chap.19 to Chap.24).
Moses says in Deuteronomy Chap. 5 that the Mt. Sinai Covenant was specific to the Children of Israel Israel was still one nation it had not split to two nations that of Israel and Judah. Moses says the Sinai Covenant did not apply to Abraham, Isaac, Jacob and the people of Israel in Egypt who perished before reaching Mt. Sinai where the covenant was issued. Its needless to say that if it did not apply to Israel, it did not apply at all to the Gentiles or all the people of other nations of the world.
After Moses read to the people gathered all the 613 laws (both the Ten Commandments & 603 hand writings of Moses written on scroll), the people covenanted that they shall keep every word of the covenant as read by Moses. Moses then sealed the covenant with the blood of animals. Moses warned them that if they broke God's covenant, the Wrath of God will be on their heads.
Prophet Jeremiah announced that in the coming days, God shall bring to an end to the Sinai Covenant because Israel had broken it and to be replace by a New and different Covenant not same as the one issued in Sinai. (Jeremiah 31:31-34) Zechariah gave an hint to the timelines of ending the Sinai Covenant (Zechariah 31:31-34). The cross reference leads us to Mathew 26:15, 27:1.... The scripture points to the cross as an End to the Old Covenant. John 1:17, states that the Commandments came through Moses and that Grace and Truth (Gospel of Jesus -John 17:17), came through Jesus. Judas threw the 30 silvers into the Temple and was used to buy a piece of plot to bury him. Thus Sinai Covenant ended at the cross.
THE SECOND (NEW) COVENANT
Prophet Jeremiah in Chap, 31:31-34, foretold the Issuance by God of a New Covenant which was going to be different from the one issued at Mount Sinai which the Israel broke. The new one would be written in tablets of stones but shall be written in the hearts of believers. The book of Luke Chap. 22 verse 20 paints a picture of Jesus launching the start of the New Covenant ( Jesus took the cup of wine and said, this cup is my blood in the New Covenant).
Hebrews 8:6-13, replays Jeremiahs prophecy stating that if the first Covenant issued at Sinai had no flaws then there would have been no need to issue another. It states that the New Covenant was excellent and Jesus the Son mediated over it while Moses as a Servant mediated over the Sinai Covenant.
Apostle Paul stated that he was a servant under the New Covenant and not the old covenant (2 Corinthians Chapter 3.) The Old Covenant with the 613 Commandments is now obsolete (Hebrews 8:13). As Israel crosses over from the Commandments to the New Covenant, Gentiles are brought near through the shed blood in the cross.
Both believing Israel and believing Gentiles are brought near by the blood of Jesus. (Ephesians 2:12, Galatians Chapter 3).
The New Covenant is glorious and Jesus is the mediator as the Son.
